Effect Of Ethanolic Extract Of Emblica Officinalis (Amla) On Intermediary Metabolism Of Albino Rats Fed With Hyperlipidemic Diet

Abstract

Background: High fat diet alters lipid profile, glucose homeostasis and possibly induce sympatho-vagal imbalance with oxidative stress. Modern drugs like Statin group are routinely used to combat patients with dyslipidemia have shown some contraindications. Hence more focus has been put forward on using natural products to treat against dyslipidemia and its associated complications. Emblica Officinalis belongs to Euphorbiacae family possess many active phytochemical components like gallic acid, tannin, flavonoids, emblicanin A and B and ellagic acid. Tannins and flavonoids present in Emblica officinalis were documented as glucose lowering, lipid lowering agents. Aims & Objective: The present study was aimed to assess ethanolic extract of Emblica officinalis (EEO) on high dietary fat induced alterations of lipid metabolism and cardiovascular system in experimental animals. Materials & Methods: Ethanolic extract of Emblica Officinalis was prepared and phytochemical analysis was done. Rats were divided into five groups, having six rats in each group as following; group 1 control, group 2 (+ EEO 100 mg/kg/b. wt); group 3 (fed with high fat diet); group 4 (fed with high fat diet+ EEO100mg/kg/b. wt) and group 5 (fed with high fat diet + atorvastatin 4mg/kg/ b. wt). The treatments were continued for 21 days. Gravimetric parameters and electrophysiological parameters of cardiac autonomic functions were recorded. Further evaluation of lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, oxidative stress was also done. Results: Significant alteration in serum lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, cardiac autonomic functions and oxidative stress were observed in group 3 rats (30% fat). Supplementation of EEO improved glucose homeostasis, cardiac autonomic functions and altered lipid profiles in rats fed with high fat diet (group 3). Histopathological observations also revealed morphological changes in elastic artery and liver in group 3 rats (30% fat). But supplementation with EEO remarkably improved histological architecture of elastic artery and liver in rats fed with high fat diet (group 3) Conclusion: Study indicates the protective role of EEO against high dietary fat induced dyslipidemia, cardiac autonomic malfunctions and altered glucose homeostasis in rats.