Acute changes after 30 minute of dynamic exercise in arterial stiffness and pulse wave velocity of healthy young and middle aged individuals.

Abstract

The major non invasive evaluation of cardiovascular parameters include arterial stiffness index (ASI), ankle - brachial index (ABI), right and left brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (Right & left ba PWV), heart ankle pulse wave velocity (ha PWV), heart brachial pulse wave velocity (hb PWV) and carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (cf PWV), blood pressure (systolic, diastolic, pulse and mean) at four regions (right and left brachial and right and left ankle), respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) which have a prime role to diagnose the patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases. ASI of right and left brachial, ASI of right and left ankle and PWV at left ba PWV, right ba PWV, cf PWV, ha PWV, hb PWV and ha PWV were investigated before and after 30 min of acute dynamic exercise in young aged 20 + 2.4yrs and middle aged 40 + 1.5 yrs healthy male sedentary subjects to know the underlying mechanisms behind the advantages of taking regular dynamic exercise leading to alteration of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity and to assess endothelial dysfunction, elasticity and also autonomic adjustments as well as sympatho-vagal balance. ASI at all four regions were significantly reduced (p<0.05) after acute dynamic exercise in both the groups. HR, RR and blood pressure in mm Hg (SBP, DBP, PP and MABP) at four regions (right and left brachial, right and left ankle), were not much changed significantly (P>0.05) before and after acute dynamic exercise for 30 min in both the groups. The data suggested cardiac autonomic balance and vasodilatation of major arteries by reducing in arterial stiffness (ASI) as well as decrease in PWV in both young and middle aged individuals. The percentage change of arterial stiffness index at right & left brachial and right & left ankle was significant (P<0.05) in young adults as compared to middle aged subjects and which might be due to age related changes on elasticity of the arterial walls or endothelial dysfunction.