Abstract:
Background: This study was conducted to study the echocardiographic changes in
pregnant women with HDPs compared to normal pregnant women and also study the
correlation between Echocardiographic abnormalities and fetal and maternal outcomes
of pregnant women with HDPs and compare this with normal pregnant women.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted during August 2022-
2024, in 142 women between age group 18 -35yrs with HDPs (Group A) compared with
normal singleton pregnancy (Group B) admitted in Shri B.M. Patil Medical College Hospital
and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India.
Results: The findings in women with Hypertensive disorders of Pregnancy demonstrated
higher prevalence of Abnormal 2D ECHO findings as compared to normotensive
pregnant women. The mean percentage of Ejection Fraction in Group A was
significantly lesser (61.52 ± 5.13) as compared to Group B (65.59 ± 4.49); the mean E
Wave (0.82 ± 0.45), mean A Wave (0.59 ± 0.35) in women of Group A were
significantly higher than that in Group B. The mean Septal e' in Group A was lesser
(0.119 ± 0.163) as compared to Group B (0.156 ± 0.133) (p<0.001.) This study also
showed significantly higher poor feto-maternal outcomes such as Respiratory Fetal
Distress, higher neonatal ICU admissions, Fetal growth retardation and low birth weight
and Maternal Outcome like higher need for ICU admission in patients with abnormal
echocardiographic findings among HDPs as compared to normotensive women without
abnormal 2D ECHO findings.
Conclusions: The results of our study will encourage early detection and surveillance of
structural and functional cardiovascular abnormalities and management of high risk
pregnant women who have high blood pressure.
